Nursultan Nasarbajew
Date of Birth: 06.07.1940
Place of Birth. Education. Born in the village of Tschemolgan in the Kaskelen district of the Alma-Ata region. In 1967, he graduated from the vocational school at the Karaganda Metallurgical Plant. In 1976, he completed the evening school of the Party Higher School at the Central Committee of the CPSU. Doctor of Economic Sciences.
Career. From 1960 to 1969, he worked at the Karaganda Metallurgical Plant.
1969-1973 - Party and Komsomol work in the city of Temirtau in the Karaganda region.
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1973-1977 - Secretary of the Party Committee of the Karaganda Metallurgical Plant.
1977-1979 - Secretary, second secretary of the Karaganda district committee.
1979-1984 - Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU of Kazakhstan.
1984-1989 - Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Kazakh SSR.
1989-1991 - First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU of Kazakhstan. At the same time, from February to April 1990 - Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR.
From April 1990 - President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
On December 1, 1991, the first nationwide presidential elections were held, in which Nursultan Nasarbajew received support from 98.7% of voters.
On April 29, 1995, the powers of President Nursultan Nasarbajew were extended in a nationwide referendum until 2000.
On January 10, 1999, he was re-elected as President of the Republic of Kazakhstan in early elections, receiving 79.78% of the votes.
On December 4, 2005, he was again elected President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, receiving 91.15% of the votes.
At the beginning of 2011, the Constitutional Council of Kazakhstan recognized a law passed by Parliament providing for a referendum on extending the term of the sitting president until 2020 instead of the elections in 2012 as unconstitutional. Subsequently, the Kazakh Parliament adopted amendments to the Constitution of the country, granting Nasarbajew the right to call early presidential elections, which he immediately did. The elections were held on April 3, 2011. Nasarbajew won with more than 95% approval.
Nursultan Nasarbajew is the chairman of the People's Assembly of Kazakhstan and also heads the World Association of Kazakhs.
On March 19, 2019, Nursultan Nasarbajew resigned his powers as President of Kazakhstan.
Views and Assessments. In 1997, Nursultan Nasarbajew relocated the capital from the southern part of the country from Alma-Ata to the north, renamed Akmola, later renamed Astana (to prevent the possible loss of northern territories in Kazakhstan, primarily populated by Russians). At the same time, he brought people connected to him by blood ties into the highest levels of power in the country.
Nursultan Nasarbajew advocated for a nuclear-free foreign policy for Kazakhstan by closing the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site and destroying all remaining Soviet nuclear warheads in the Republic. From 1996 to 2005, Kazakhstan completed border demarcation with neighboring countries.
Under Nursultan Nasarbajew, Kazakhstan joined various military-political blocs, political and economic organizations - CSTO (1992, since 2002 - SCO), OSCE (1992), EurAsEC (2000), SVMDA (2002), EAEU (2003). The president announced Kazakhstan's intention to join the WTO. However, experts believe that Kazakhstan could not become an undisputed leader in the Central Asian region, and its main partners in politics and economics became Russia, China, and the USA. Due to Kazakhstan's landlocked status, Nursultan Nasarbajew focused on maximizing the use of the country's land-based transportation and communication potential. Based on the relatively developed infrastructure in the Republic for transporting oil and gas from extraction areas to Russian pipelines, in October 2005, Nursultan Nasarbajew announced that Kazakhstan would become one of the ten largest oil suppliers in the international market within the next ten years and signed an agreement with Azerbaijan in 2006 for the joint use of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline, whose route bypasses Russia.
'Kazakhgate'. Nursultan Nasarbajew was one of the key figures in a corruption case in Kazakhstan, also known as 'Kazakhgate'. In late 1999, Swiss investigators discovered and blocked several bank accounts allegedly belonging to high-ranking Kazakh officials, including Nursultan Nasarbajew. It turned out that the money in these accounts mainly came from American oil companies. In 2000, the USA joined the investigation, and in July 2000, additional accounts allegedly belonging to the President of Kazakhstan were discovered and blocked. Their total amount was about 1 billion US dollars. The Kazakh authorities have repeatedly attempted to cover up the scandal, and in May 2004, N. Nasarbajew spoke publicly about 'Kazakhgate' for the first time. However, in 2007, the Kazakh authorities gave up claims to these funds, and the US Department of Justice signed a decision on the seizure of 84 million US dollars in favor of the children's fund from an account in a Swiss bank that belongs to the Treasury of the Ministry of Finance of Kazakhstan.
Awards. Awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor and the Order 'Sign of Honor'.
Family Connections. The president's wife - Sara - heads the International Children's Charity Fund 'Bobek'. The president has three daughters: Dariga - Doctor of Political Sciences, Dinara - heads the educational foundation named after N. Nasarbajew, Aliya - in business.
06.07.2022