Ancient Ocean Traces Link Submarine Volcanoes to Mass Extinctions.

Mass Extinctions in the Triassic Period Tied to Submarine Volcanic Activity

According to TSN.ua: An international team of geologists has uncovered evidence that repeated eruptions of undersea volcanoes were a major driver of marine mass extinctions during the Triassic period. Their conclusions are based on an analysis of ancient oceanic crust remnants, now located in the Tibetan mountain ranges, which were once part of the Mesozoic-era Meso-Tethys and Neo-Tethys Oceans. This research provides a new perspective on how Earth's geology directly shapes the fate of its inhabitants.

The study identified three major pulses of submarine volcanism occurring between 250 and 200 million years ago. The key episodes of this intense volcanic activity were recorded during the following windows:

• 250–248 million years ago
• 233–231 million years ago
• 210–208 million years ago

These eruption episodes coincided with four distinct marine extinction events, strongly suggesting a causal link between the volcanic activity and the widespread die-off of ocean life.

The scientists explained that the underwater eruptions released massive amounts of greenhouse gases, severely disrupting ocean chemistry. This process led to toxic conditions in the seas, driven by elevated sulfur levels, which proved deadly for marine organisms. Consequently, the findings underscore the critical role volcanic processes played in shaping ancient environmental conditions on our planet.

Scientific Significance of the Discovery

The research highlights volcanic activity as a pivotal force influencing the evolution of marine ecosystems during the Triassic. Understanding these submarine eruptions and their connection to mass die-offs can help scientists better decipher the mechanisms behind historical ecological catastrophes and their long-term impact on life's development. This discovery opens new avenues for research in geology and paleontology, potentially offering valuable insights for assessing the consequences of contemporary environmental changes.