Which metals are the rarest in the world and how are they extracted.

Recent studies have shown that californium, scandium, and plutonium are the rarest metals in the world. Californium, for example, is one of the most expensive rare metals, with a price that can reach 9 million dollars per gram. Scandium, although it occurs in ores, is present in insignificant quantities, making it very rare. The extraction of these metals takes place in nuclear reactors during complex nuclear processes.

Among known metals, gold plays a special role as an economic standard in the world. It is used for making jewelry along with silver, which is equally popular among jewelers. Rhodium, another rare metal, is significantly rarer than gold and is used in the process of refining platinum deposits.

Platinum, which is an important metal in many fields including automotive and healthcare, is rare on Earth. The annual production of platinum is 7 to 10 times less than that of gold, and for a long time, three-quarters of all the world's reserves of this metal were concentrated in South Africa. Platinum is mostly extracted from sulfide ores along with metals such as copper, nickel, iron, and silver.